Cymbopogon citratus

Infusion from fresh or dried stalks and leaves: 1–2 tsp chopped lemongrass in 200 ml hot water, steep 10 minutes. Used in Asian and Latin American folk medicine for digestive complaints, flatulence, cramps, and mild fever. Antispasmodic and diaphoretic properties are well-documented in folk tradition.

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The essential oil (main constituent citral 65–85 %) shows pronounced antifungal activity in the lab against Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and Aspergillus niger (inhibition zones 35–90 mm). Diluted in a carrier oil (1–2 %) traditionally used for skin and nail mycoses.

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Topical application diluted (2–3 % in carrier oil) for rheumatic joint pain and muscle soreness. Animal studies show inhibition of carrageenan-induced edema up to 96.8 % orally. No clinical trials in humans.

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The fleshy base of the stalks is used fresh or lightly bruised as a spice in Asian cuisine (soups, curries, sauces, Tom Yam). The inner part of young shoots is edible raw as a vegetable. Dried pieces or powder have a markedly weaker aroma.

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Steam inhalation of 2–3 drops essential oil in hot water or diffuser for cold symptoms and relaxation. Brazilian folk medicine (Krahô) documents anxiolytic and mildly sedating properties. Direct inhalation of undiluted oil can cause toxic alveolitis — caution required.

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Foot bath or full bath with fresh or dried lemongrass (50–100 g per 10 l water) for athlete's foot (tinea pedis), ringworm, and tired muscles. The antimicrobial effect of the citral-rich infusion is used in folk medicine.

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