© Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Commons
Gotu kola
Indischer Wassernabel · (Centella asiatica)
Carrot family (Apiaceae)
Description
Gotu kola (also Indian pennywort, Asiatic pennywort or tiger grass) is a perennial, creeping herb of the moist tropical and subtropical regions of Asia. From its slender stolons, which root at the nodes, arise long-stalked, fan- to kidney-shaped leaves with palmate venation, forming a dense ground mat along ditches, rice paddies and stream banks. The small white to reddish flowers are borne in inconspicuous umbels. The medicinal part is the aerial parts, the whole herb (Centellae asiaticae herba). Characteristic constituents are pentacyclic triterpene saponins, chiefly asiaticoside and madecassoside, to which the wound-healing and collagen-promoting effects are attributed. The plant has been a valued remedy in Ayurvedic medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries; standardised triterpene fractions (TTFCA, 'titrated extract of Centella asiatica') are used for venous complaints.
CONTRAINDICATED during pregnancy
Do not use during pregnancy; safety is not established due to a lack of sufficient data.
Traditional external use to support wound healing and for minor skin inflammation. The EMA classifies the use of the herb for minor wounds as 'traditional use' - effectiveness rests on long-standing experience, not on confirmed clinical trials.
Preparation & dosage
Apply a salve or cream containing an extract of the dried herb (or standardised triterpene extract) thinly once or twice daily to the cleaned, minor superficial wound, graze or mild skin irritation. Do not use on deep, heavily bleeding or infected wounds. Consult a doctor if there is no improvement or if the condition worsens.
Internal use of the standardised triterpene extract for chronic venous insufficiency. A systematic review (Chong & Aziz 2013) pools controlled trials in which TTFCA improved microcirculatory parameters and symptoms such as leg heaviness, swelling and pain. This indication is not part of the EMA monograph but rests on these clinical data.
Preparation & dosage
Standardised titrated triterpene extract (TTFCA) of the herb, typically about 60-120 mg per day in two single doses, taken orally. The extract is adjusted to asiaticoside, asiatic acid and madecassic acid. For the relief of symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency such as heaviness and tension, swelling and pain of the legs. Use for limited periods; have persistent or new venous complaints assessed by a doctor.
- Doses per day
- 2×
⚠ Age restriction: ≥ 18 years — Not recommended for children and adolescents under 18 years due to a lack of data.
Gotu kola is usually well tolerated in customary amounts. With internal use, rare cases of liver injury (hepatotoxicity, jaundice) have been reported - mainly at high doses or with prolonged intake; therefore use only time-limited courses and exercise caution in pre-existing liver disease. Externally, allergic contact dermatitis may occasionally occur, especially in those sensitive to the carrot family (Apiaceae). At high doses a sedative effect may be enhanced. Do not use in pregnancy or lactation due to a lack of data.
Do not use during pregnancy; safety is not established due to a lack of sufficient data.
Not recommended during lactation due to a lack of data.
Not recommended in children and adolescents under 18 years due to a lack of data.
Drug interactions
Hepatotoxische Arzneimittel
As rare liver injury has been described with internal use, concurrent intake of liver-burdening medicines may increase the risk of hepatic damage.
Sedativa/CNS-Dämpfer
At high doses gotu kola may enhance the depressant effect of sedatives, hypnotics and alcohol.
Contraindications
- Existing liver disease (for internal use)
- Hypersensitivity to the active substances or to the carrot family (Apiaceae)
- Pregnancy
Harvested part: Aerial parts (whole herb)
- Drying:
- Dry the herb loosely spread in the shade in a well-ventilated place to preserve colour and triterpene content. Store dry and protected from light.
- AsiaticosidSaponinAerial parts
Pentacyclic triterpene saponin; regarded as the main active for wound healing and collagen formation.
- MadecassosidSaponinAerial parts
Further pentacyclic triterpene saponin with anti-inflammatory and skin-regenerating properties.
- Asiatsäure und MadecassinsäureSaponinAerial parts
Triterpene acids (the aglycones of the saponins); components of the standardised triterpene fraction TTFCA.
- FlavonoideFlavonoidAerial parts
Including quercetin and kaempferol glycosides with antioxidant properties.
- Ätherisches ÖlEssential oilAerial parts
Contains caryophyllene, germacrene, cymene and pinene among others.
- PhytosteroleOtherAerial parts
Including beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol.
- [1]MonographEMA - European Union herbal monograph on Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, herba (Rev. 1, adopted 2 Sep 2022)(accessed: 2026-06-12)
- [2]MonographEMA - Assessment report on Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., herba (Rev. 1, 2022, PDF)(accessed: 2026-06-12)
- [3]MonographChong NJ, Aziz Z. A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Centella asiatica for Improvement of the Signs and Symptoms of Chronic Venous Insufficiency. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:627182 (PMID 23533507, PMC3594936)(accessed: 2026-06-12)
- [4]MonographTopical Application of Centella asiatica in Wound Healing: Recent Insights into Mechanisms and Clinical Efficacy. PMC11510310 (2024)(accessed: 2026-06-12)
- [5]WikipediaIndischer Wassernabel - Wikipedia (DE)(accessed: 2026-06-12)
- [6]WikipediaCentella asiatica - Wikipedia (EN)(accessed: 2026-06-12)
- [8]CommonsFile:Centella asiatica kz01.jpg - Wikimedia Commons(accessed: 2026-06-12)
- [7]WikidataCentella asiatica (Q310965) - Wikidata(accessed: 2026-06-12)
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In your garden, this plant acts as: