© Benjamin Zwittnig · CC BY 2.5 · Commons
Yarrow
Caution🐾Schafgarbe · (Achillea millefolium)
Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Description
Yarrow grows in almost every meadow across Central Europe: finely divided, feather-like leaves — the source of the epithet millefolium, thousand-leaf — and flat clusters of white to pale pink flower heads from June to October. The genus name honours Achilles, who according to legend staunched his soldiers' wounds with it. The flowering herb is harvested. It contains essential oil with deep-blue chamazulene, sesquiterpene lactones such as achillin and matricin, flavonoids and 2 to 4 percent tannins. As a bitter tea it is used for loss of appetite, fullness and bloating; as a warm sitz bath for cramping in the lower abdomen; and as a moist compress on small, superficial wounds. If complaints do not improve within two weeks, they belong with a doctor.
CONTRAINDICATED during pregnancy
Yarrow must not be used during pregnancy — uterine stimulation possible.
CONTRAINDICATED during breastfeeding
Insufficient data for breastfeeding.
CONTRAINDICATED for children
Per EMA not for children under 12 (oral/wound) or under 18 (sitz bath).
Bitter tea for temporary loss of appetite and mild digestive complaints.
Preparation & dosage
INFUSION: Place 1.5–2 g of finely cut yarrow herb (about 1 teaspoon) in a cup, pour 150 ml boiling water, cover, steep 10 minutes, strain. For loss of appetite drink half an hour before meals; for digestive complaints between/after meals. 3 cups a day, daily max ~4.5 g.
- Dry amount
- 1.5–2 g
- Doses per day
- 3×
- Max duration
- 2 weeks
⚠ Age restriction: ≥ 12 years — Per EMA, only from 12 years onwards.
Sources: [1]
Relieves mild abdominal cramps during menstruation.
Preparation & dosage
Cramp tea: 1.5–2 g in 150 ml boiling water, steep 10 min, strain. 3× daily, starting 1–2 days before period. Max 1 week per cycle.
- Dry amount
- 1.5–2 g
- Doses per day
- 3×
- Max duration
- 1 weeks
⚠ Age restriction: ≥ 12 years — From 12 years.
Sources: [1]
Classic warm sitz-bath for mild pelvic cramp-like complaints.
Preparation & dosage
SITZ BATH: 100 g + 1–2 L boiling water, steep 20 min, strain, add to bath (37–38 °C). 10–20 min, once daily.
- Dry amount
- 100–100 g
- Doses per day
- 1×
- Max duration
- 2 weeks
⚠ Age restriction: ≥ 18 years — Sitz baths per EMA only for adults from 18 years.
Sources: [1]
Moist compress for small superficial skin wounds.
Preparation & dosage
COMPRESS: 3 g + 100 ml boiling water, steep 15 min, cool. Soak cloth, apply 15–20 min. 1–2× daily.
- Dry amount
- 3–3 g
- Doses per day
- 2×
- Max duration
- 1 weeks
⚠ Age restriction: ≥ 12 years — From 12 years.
Sources: [1]
Yarrow belongs to Asteraceae — avoid in case of allergy to chamomile, arnica, or mugwort. Skin contact with fresh plant can cause phototoxic reactions. ASPCA classification (accessed 2026-08-10): toxic to dogs and cats.
⏱ Max continuous use: 2 weeks
Yarrow must not be used during pregnancy — uterine stimulation possible.
Insufficient data for breastfeeding.
Per EMA not for children under 12 (oral/wound) or under 18 (sitz bath).
Drug interactions
Allgemein (Gerbstoffe)
From general experience with tannin-containing herbs: take oral medications about 1 hour apart from tea.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Asteraceae such as chamomile, arnica, mugwort.
- Pregnancy and lactation.
- Children under 12 years (oral, wound) or under 18 years (sitz bath).
Harvested part: flowering herb
- Time of day:
- On sunny dry mornings once dew has dried.
- Drying:
- Cut upper 15–25 cm of flowering plant. Hang in bunches in shade at max 40 °C.
- Storage:
- 12 months — Store in dark, airtight jars — light and oxygen degrade essential oil.
- Ätherisches Öl (mit Chamazulen)Essential oilContent: 0,2–1,0 %Aerial parts
Main carrier of antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effect.
- Sesquiterpenlactone (Achillin, Matricin)SesquiterpeneAerial parts
Bitter sesquiterpene lactones — may trigger contact allergies.
- Flavonoide (Apigenin, Luteolin, Rutin)FlavonoidContent: 0,5–1,5 %Aerial parts
Antispasmodic on smooth muscle.
- GerbstoffeTanninContent: 2–4 %Aerial parts
Astringent — basis for wound-healing and styptic use.
- BitterstoffeBitterAerial parts
Classic bitter — stimulates saliva and gastric juice.
- Phenolcarbonsäuren (Kaffeesäure, Chlorogensäure)Phenolic acidAerial parts
Antioxidant compounds.
- [1]MonographEMA/HMPC/376416/2019 — European Union herbal monograph on Achillea millefolium L., herba (Final, Revision 1, 03 December 2020)(accessed: 2026-05-18)
- [2]MonographASPCA Animal Poison Control — Dog Daisy (Achillea millefolium)(accessed: 2026-08-10)
Classical quotes
"Yarrow is a magnificent wound-healing plant and an excellent stomach tonic."
Distribution in Europe
🤝 Permaculture Partners
In your garden, this plant acts as:
✨ Best symbiotic partners
- 🌿 Lavandula angustifolia Classic companion-planting partner.
- 🌿 Matricaria chamomilla Classic companion-planting partner.
- 🌿 Oregano Classic companion-planting partner.
Source: Helga und Margarete Langerhorst, Mein gesunder Naturgarten (eigene Kuration)